Microcontroller Based Dual Axis Solar Tracker with Internet of Things
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24036/rsssfk57Keywords:
Solar Panel , NodeMCU ESP32 , Solar Tracker , Internet of Things , Blynk , Google SheetsAbstract
for large-scale development in Indonesia. However, the efficiency of
energy absorption in solar panels largely depends on the position and
intensity of the sunlight received. This study aims to enhance energy
absorption efficiency through the design of a Dual-Axis Solar Tracker
system based on an ESP32 microcontroller integrated with the Internet
of Things (IoT) platform. The system employs four LDR sensors to
detect the direction of sunlight, two servo motors to adjust the panel’s
position along horizontal and vertical axes, and utilizes the Blynk and
Google Sheets applications for real-time monitoring and data logging.
Experimental testing was conducted under clear weather conditions at
Sparco Anak Air Residence, Jl. Bypass Batipuh Panjang, Koto
Tangah, on September 24, 2025, from 10:00 to 12:17 local time
(WIB). The results show that the system equipped with the solar
tracker produced an average power output of 8.41 W, which is higher
than the 5.57 W generated by the non-tracking system. The efficiency
of the panel with the tracker reached 4.2%, compared to only 2.78%
without the tracker, representing a 50.98% increase in power output.
These findings demonstrate that the implementation of an IoT-based
dual-axis solar tracker system can significantly improve the
performance and energy conversion efficiency of solar panels.
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